The RFS program is tasked with setting the minimum volume and percentage requirements for biofuels within the transportation sector every year. The current program, RFS2, was established in 2007 after an overhaul to the original program specifications. RFS2 has more closely matches the production ramping of the industry, and aims to set a minimum volume of 36 billion gallons of biofuel production by 2022.

The RFS program regulates four sectors of the biofuel markets, whose 2012 target volumes and standards are now as follows:

Biomass-based diesel: 1.0 billion gallons of production, 0.91 percent of total U.S. transportation fuel

Advanced biofuels: 2.0 billion gallons, 1.21 percent

Cellulosic biofuels: 8.65 million gallons, 0.006 percent

Total renewable fuels: 15.2 billion gallons, 9.23 percent

The big number here is the total standard. The EPA's official 2012 biofuel target is just over nine percent of all fuel used in the United States. That's not a huge proportion, but it's significant. It's also realistic, judging by the industry's success in hitting 2011 targets.

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